Pipits are a widespread genus of small passerine birds called Anthus, found globally except in the driest deserts, rainforests, and Antarctica. They are slender, ground-feeding insectivores that typically inhabit open areas and are known for being monogamous and territorial. Pipits usually nest on the ground and lay up to six speckled eggs.
Measuring 16 to 21 cm (6.3 to 8.3 in) in length, with the smallest species, the short-tailed pipit, at 11.5 to 12.5 cm (4.5 to 4.9 in), they weigh between 15 to 40 g (0.53 to 1.41 oz). They have long, slender legs, long tails, and distinctive long, pointed bills. Their plumage is typically drab, consisting of varying shades of brown, buff, and white for camouflage, with some species displaying more colorful breeding plumages.
Despite resembling larks, pipits are distantly related and belong to the family Motacillidae, while larks fall under Alaudidae. Anatomical differences include variations in the structure of the syrinx and bill shape.
Pipits are found on every continent except Antarctica, with three species in North America and seven in South America. Their diet primarily consists of small invertebrates, especially insects, but they may also consume spiders, small fish, and occasionally berries and seeds. They adapt their diet based on prey availability and season.
