The natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita) is a toad native to sandy and heathland areas of Europe and the UK. Adults measure 60–70 mm long and are recognized by a yellow line down their back and parallel paratoid glands. They have short legs, giving them a unique movement compared to other toad species.
Natterjacks are known for their loud mating calls, facilitated by a vocal sac under the male’s chin. They can live up to 15 years and primarily eat insects like beetles, often moving across open terrain at night.
Spawning occurs between April and July in shallow, warm pools. Due to their preference for specific conditions, such as slightly sloping bottoms and sparse vegetation, they face challenges when the pools dry up. Mating happens over an extended period to increase survival rates of tadpoles.
Natterjacks are found in 17 European countries, mainly confined to coastal sites in the UK, including County Kerry and County Wexford in Ireland. In mainland Europe, they inhabit various inland habitats, particularly in the southern part of their range.
