Lagopus is a genus of birds in the grouse subfamily, commonly known as ptarmigans. It includes four species that inhabit tundra or cold upland areas.
The willow ptarmigan lives in circumpolar boreal forests, the white-tailed ptarmigan is found in North American alpine regions, and the rock ptarmigan breeds in Arctic and mountainous habitats across Eurasia and North America. All species, except the red grouse, have a white winter plumage that helps them blend into snowy environments. Their wing feathers are also white, a unique feature that aids in camouflage against predators.
These hardy birds primarily eat plants, though young ptarmigans also consume insects. In all species except the willow ptarmigan, females alone are responsible for nesting and taking care of the nestlings.
