
A deer (pl.: deer) is a hoofed ruminant ungulate belonging to the family Cervidae, which includes subfamilies Cervinae (like elk and red deer) and Capreolinae (such as reindeer and moose). Male deer (except water deer) and female reindeer grow and shed antlers annually, which are used in combat.
Deer have historical significance in art, mythology, and economics, providing meat (venison), skins, and antlers. Deer hunting has been a popular activity since the Middle Ages.
They inhabit various biomes, primarily mixed forests and savannas, and benefit from open areas that promote their food growth. While deer are found on every continent except Antarctica and Australia, only Africa has one native species—the Barbary stag. Different deer species occupy specific habitats, such as brocket deer in dense forests and caribou in tundra.